Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Buas-Buas (Premna cordifolia Linn.) terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Paru Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar Jantan Pasca Paparan Asap Rokok
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25026/jtpc.v2i4.67Keywords:
Antioxidant, Premna cordifolia, Lung histopathology, Cigarette smokeAbstract
Cigarette smoke is one of free radical source that can cause oxidative stress, emphysema, and inflamation on lung. Leaves of Premna cordifolia Linn. is one of antioxidant that can neutralize the free radical in body. The purpose of the research is to find the antioxidant activity of Premna cordifolia leaves in reducing lung’s damage and to find the effective dose that can reduce lung’s damage after exposure of cigarette smoke. Dried leaves of Premna cordifolia are maserated with ethanol 70%. Rats are divided into five groups, Group without treatment (CMC control), group that exposed to smoke, three groups that treated with 200 (P1), 400 (P2), and 600mg/kgBW (P3) of ethanolic extract of Premna cordifolia leaves after smoke exposure, and one group that treated with 18mg/kgBW of vitamin E as positive control after smoke exposure. All groups were treated with three cigarette without filter for 14 days. All rat were terminated on the fifteent day. Right lung were collected and subjected to necropsy and stained with Hematoksilin-Eosin. The result show that all doses of ethanolic extract of Premna cordifolia reduce lung damage in enlarge alveolar, thickening of alveolar’s wall, and infiltration of inflmation cells in rats. The effective dose is 600mg/kgbw because the potential of Premna cordifolia leaves extract was same with the potential of positive contol in reducing the lung damage.
Keywords: Antioxidant, Premna cordifolia, Lung histopathology, Cigarette smoke
ABSTRAK
Asap rokok merupakan salah satu sumber radikal bebas yang dapat menyebabkan stress oksidatif, emfisema dan peradangan paru. Daun buas-buas (Premna cordifolia Linn.) merupakan salah satu antioksidan yang dapat menetralisir keberadaan radikal bebas dalam tubuh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan daun buas-buas dalam menurunkan derajat kerusakan paru pada tikus pasca paparan asap rokok dan dosis efektif daun buas-buas yang dapat menurunkan derajat kerusakan paru tikus akibat asap rokok. Simplisia daun buas-buas dimaserasi dengan etanol 70%. Tikus dibagi menjadi 5 perlakuan, yaitu kelompok yang hanya diberi suspensi CMC (kontrol CMC), kelompok yang hanya diberi paparan asap rokok (kontrol negatif), kelompok perlakuan P1, P2, P3 masing-masing diberi paparan asap rokok dan ekstrak etanol daun buas-buas dengan dosis 200, 400, serta dosis 600 mg/kgBB dan kelompok perlakuan kontrol Positif diberi paparan asap rokok dan suspensi vitamin E dosis 18 mg/kgBB. Semua kelompok diperlakukan setiap hari dengan menggunakan 3 batang rokok tanpa filter selama 14 hari . Kemudian pada hari ke 15 semua tikus diterminasi dan diambil paru sebelah kanan untuk selanjutnya dibuat preparat histopatologi menggunakan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun buas-buas dapat menurunkan tingkat kerusakan paru-paru pada pelebaran lumen alveolus, penebalan dinding alveolus dan infiltrasi sel radang pada tikus yang terpapar asap rokok. Dosis ekstrak etanol daun buas-buas dosis 600 mg/kgBB merupakan dosis efektif untuk menurunkan tingkat kerusakan paru-paru hingga tidak berbeda signifikan (p>0,05) dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif.
Kata kunci: Premna cordifolia, Antioksidan, Histopatologi paru, Asap rokok
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